The International Conference on the Environmental Development of the Eurasian Continent - the Fifth Forum of the International Union of Scientists of the Belt and Road Initiative, took place on October 28-30, 2023, in the city of Hohhot (China) with the participation of the expert scientific community of the Russian Federation. The Head of the Laboratory of Soil Carbon and Microbial Ecology, Dr. Mikhail Semenov, gave a presentation in which he discussed the research directions and main results of the Laboratory.